This too is for the good

 


Talmudic & Midrashic Sources



  • Talmud Bavli, Ta’anit 21a – The Gemara recounts Nachum Ish Gamzu’s famous mission.  Nachum (possibly identified with “Nechemiah ha-Imsoni” ) was sent to Rome with a chest of jewels for the emperor.  Thieves stole the gems and filled the chest with dirt, yet Nachum calmly said “Gam zu l’tovah” (“this too is for good”) and presented it anyway .  A miracle ensued (Eliyahu appears and the dirt miraculously works like Abraham’s sand), Nachum was honored and the Jews’ petition granted .  (Ta’anit 21a also notes that in later years Nachum suffered paralysis, blindness and boils – yet bore them patiently .)
  • Talmud Bavli, Berakhot 60b – Rabbi Akiva’s journey illustrates the parallel “Providence” theme.  Traveling with only a donkey, rooster and lamp, Akiva is refused lodging in a town.  A wind blows out his lamp and beasts kill his rooster and donkey; each time he declares “讻诇 诪讛 砖注讜砖讛 讛专讞诪谉 – 诇讟讘 注讜砖讛” (“whatever the Merciful One does, He does for good”) .  Next morning it emerges that brigands attacked that town in the night – Akiva alone was spared.  The Gemara explicitly records his reaction: “Didn’t I tell you, ‘kol ma d’ovid Rachmana l’tav avid’?” .
  • Jerusalem Talmud, Shekalim 5:4 – Mentions Nachum (as “Ish Gamzu” or “Nechemiah ha-Imsoni” through scribal variants) .
  • Midrash – The Nachum story invokes Abraham’s miracle with sand and straw.  For example, Midrash Rabbah (Bereishit 36:3) and Pirkei deRabbi Eliezer (ch. 26) describe Abraham turning sand into swords and stubble into arrows (Isaiah 41:2), paralleling Elijah’s suggestion that Nachum’s sand was Abraham’s “miracle dirt.”  The Talmud itself cites Isaiah 41:2 when telling Nachum’s tale .
  • Tannaic Legends – Later aggadic sources relate Nachum’s life story (e.g. Pesikta Rabbati, Ta’anit 2:5, and anonymous midrashim on Vayechi) which echo the “Gam zu” theme, his extreme hardships and his self-imposed curse (after a poor man’s death) .




Rishonim & Achronim Commentaries



  • Shulchan Aruch (Orach Chayim 231:5) – Rules that one “should always accustom himself to say: ‘Kol de’avid Rachmana, l’tav avid’” (all that the Merciful One does, He does for good) , citing the Talmudic teaching (Ber. 60b) about Rabbi Akiva.  This codification underscores how the optimism of Akiva (and by tradition Nachum) became halakhic practice.
  • Commentaries – Rishonim ask why Akiva explicitly names God (“Rachmana”) whereas Nachum’s motto is terse.  Maharsha (Berakhot 60b) explains that Akiva specified the Merciful One to attribute events to Divine Providence; Tol’dot Yaakov Yosef (Chasidic R. Yaakov Yosef of Polna, on Vayechi) argues Nachum implicitly meant the same.  The Maharal of Prague (Netivot Olam, HaEmunah ch. 1) and others distinguish the phrases: Nachum teaches immediate acceptance (“even now it’s good”), whereas Akiva stresses ultimate good (later revealed) .
  • Halachic works – The Lubavitcher Rebbe (Igrot Kodesh) cites Tanya (Igeret HaTeshurah) to clarify “Gam Zu”: not only will a bad-seeming event yield good later, but even now it is good at its source .  Other Acharonim (e.g. Rabbi Chaim Kanievsky in Minchas Yitzchak, R’ Moshe Feinstein in Igrot Moshe) discuss the general duty of unwavering faith, often citing these phrases.




Chassidic & Musar Literature



  • Tanya (R. Shneur Zalman of Liadi) – In Likutei Torah (chapter on Tishri), the Alter Rebbe explains Nachum’s dictum: “Gam zu l’tovah” means that not only will true good emerge later, but “even at present the matter is good from its root” .  This reflects the Chassidic emphasis on perceiving Divine “goodness” even in hidden trials.
  • Chabad Chassidut – Chasidic masters (e.g. the Lubavitcher Rebbes) frequently cite Nachum and Akiva as models of joy and bitachon.  For example, Chabad.org’s “Being Happy at All Times” (Shlomo Majeski) relates the Talmudic stories and notes the subtle difference in their faith-phrases .  The Tanya (Igeret Teshurah) further connects these sayings to divine life and joy .
  • Breslov – Rebbe Nachman of Breslov’s circle told a famous story of a young Rabbi who famously says “讙诐 讝讜 诇讟讜讘讛” in the face of disaster (see Nekudat Lifnei, Likutei Maharan 8.48; and the Breslov Gam Zu L’tovah booklet).  Breslov sites (e.g. Breslev.com) recount Nachum’s story and its lesson in simple faith.
  • Musar works – Later ethical writers invoke “Gam Zu” and “Kol d’avid” to teach emunah.  Ramchal’s Mesillat Yesharim (ch. 7 on Bitachon) and the Chofetz Chaim (Shemirat HaLashon introd.) discuss trusting God’s providence.  The Zohar (Vol. I, 2b) and Kabbalists (Arizal, later Kabbalists) also praise Nachum’s motto as a “sweetening of judgment” .  The AriZal himself taught that repeatedly saying “Gam Zu” can transform concealment into revealed blessing .




Modern Interpretations (Shiurim, Articles, Blogs, Videos)



  • OU Torah (Rabbi Grossman) – “Gam Zu L’Toivah & Kol Ma D’ovid Rachmana” (Good Vort series) contrasts the two sayings, citing Talmudic sources and ethical insights (OU.org, sefer Leviticus 22 by R. Grossman).
  • Torah MiEtzion – “All For the Good” (Shlomo Kahn, online article) carefully analyzes the Gemara stories and cites R. Kook and others on their philosophical meaning .
  • Chabad.org – Nissan Mindel’s stories of Nachum and Akiva (Library->“Inspiration & Entertainment”) retell the legends and moral.  Chabad’s Sichos in English also have essays (e.g. “Being Happy at All Times”) on these themes .  Chabadpedia and Hebrew sites (讻”拽 讗讜专־讗讬谉־住讜祝) similarly recount and explain the sayings.
  • Emunah blogs – Esther Nava, EmunaBuilders.com: “Nachum Ish Gamzu: secret of turning pain into blessings” vividly retells Nachum’s Talmudic story and Rabbi Akiva’s, and adds mystical insights (Arizal’s letter on gam zu) .  Other blogs (Chinuch.org, Rabbi Shefa Gold, Torah.org) discuss how “Gam Zu” and “Kol De’avid” inspire faith in adversity.
  • Videos/Podcasts – OnceUponADaf and various shiurim on Berakhot 60b and Ta’anit 21a (YouTube) dramatize Nachum and Akiva’s stories.  Classes by rabbis (Yeshiva.org.il, KMS, YU, OU) on emunah often cite these phrases.  For example, Rabbi Benjamin Yudin (TorahWeb) wrote “History is the Revelation of His Story” discussing Akiva’s optimism (quoting Ber.60b).




Academic Studies & Reference Works



  • Jewish Encyclopedia (1906) – “Nahum of Gimzo” (by Bacher & Lauterbach) summarizes Talmudic texts, equating Nachum’s title “Ish Gamzu” with his motto .  It notes that the Gemara’s reading (“Ish Gamzu” vs. “Ish Gimzo”) is debated, and recounts Nachum’s emunah under suffering .
  • Hershey Friedman, Greatest Insights of the Talmudic Sages – Scholarly anthology (academia.edu) collecting Talmudic aphorisms.  It explicitly recounts the same Berakhot and Ta’anit stories in English, noting Nachum’s “Gam zu l’tovah” and Akiva’s “Kol d’avid” .
  • Talmudic/Philosophical Studies – Works on ancient Jewish philosophy and aggadah (e.g. Moshe Idel, Michael Fishbane on faith in the Talmud; or studies of optimism vs. determinism) discuss these sayings in context.  For example, an essay on Talmudic narratives (David Birnbaum/Martin Cohen) examines such stories as moral exemplars.  Also see Michael Gr盲tz’s 1870 Monatsschrift article (cited in JE ) analyzing the “Gam Zu” tradition historically.
  • Modern Jewish Thought – In broader discussions of “trust in Providence,” these figures are often cited.  Rabbi Isaiah Berlin’s history of ideas mentions the debate (via Voltaire’s Candide, as Torah MiEtzion notes ).  Contemporary Jewish ethicists (e.g. Lawrence A. Kaplan, R. Joseph Soloveitchik) reference these paradigms of faith when contrasting voluntarism with grace.



Sources: Primary texts and translations (Talmud Ta’anit 21a, Berakhot 60b) and classic commentaries (Rashi, Tosafot) are the basis of these stories .  Modern English sources include OU and TorahWeb articles, Chabad essays, Emunah blogs .  Jewish Encyclopedia and academic papers provide historical context .  (All citations are to digital texts or reproductions, as noted.)

诪爪讜讬谉 – 讛谞讛 转专讙讜诐 诪诇讗 诇注讘专讬转 砖诇 讻诇 讛住拽讬专讛 注诇 谞讞讜诐 讗讬砖 讙诪讝讜 讜专讘讬 注拽讬讘讗, 讬讞讚 注诐 讛诪拽讜专讜转 讜讛讛拽砖专讬诐:





馃摉 诪拽讜专讜转 转诇诪讜讚讬讬诐 讜诪讚专砖讬讬诐



  • 转诇诪讜讚 讘讘诇讬, 转注谞讬转 讻讗 注”讗 – 诪住讜驻专 注诇 谞讞讜诐 讗讬砖 讙诪讝讜 砖谞讘讞专 诇讛讘讬讗 诪谞讞讛 诇拽讬住专 专讜诪讬. 讘讞砖讻转 讛诇讬诇讛 讙谞讘讬诐 讙谞讘讜 讗转 讗讘谞讬 讛讞谉 讜讛讝讛讘 讜讛讞诇讬驻讜诐 讘注驻专. 讻砖谞讞讜诐 专讗讛 讝讗转, 讗诪专 讘砖诇讜讜讛: “讙诐 讝讜 诇讟讜讘讛”. 讛讜讗 讛讙讬砖 讗转 讛讗专讙讝 诇拽讬住专, 讜讛讬讛 诪讜讻谉 诇诪讜转. 讗讱 讗诇讬讛讜 讛谞讘讬讗 讛讜驻讬注 讘讚诪讜转 讬讜注抓 讜讛爪讬注 砖诪讚讜讘专 讘注驻专讜 砖诇 讗讘专讛诐 讗讘讬谞讜, 砖谞讛驻讱 讘讞讝讬转 讛拽专讘 诇讞专讘讜转 讜讞爪讬诐. 讛谞住 讛转专讞砖, 讛拽讬住专 谞讬爪讞, 讜讘住讜祝 砖讬讘讞 讗转 讛讬讛讜讚讬诐. 讻讱 谞讬爪讜诇讜 讬砖专讗诇  .
  • 转诇诪讜讚 讘讘诇讬, 讘专讻讜转 住 注”讘 – 诪住讜驻专 注诇 专讘讬 注拽讬讘讗 砖谞住注 注诐 讞诪讜专, 转专谞讙讜诇 讜谞专. 讗谞砖讬 讛注讬专 住讬专讘讜 诇讛讻谞讬住讜 诇诇讜谉, 讜谞讗诇抓 诇讬砖讜谉 讘砖讚讛. 讛专讜讞 讻讬讘转讛 讗转 讛谞专, 讛讞转讜诇 讗讻诇 讗转 讛转专谞讙讜诇, 讜讛讗专讬讛 讟专祝 讗转 讛讞诪讜专. 讻诇 驻注诐 讗诪专: “讻诇 诪讛 砖注讜砖讛 讛专讞诪谉 – 诇讟讘 注讘讬讚”. 讘讘讜拽专 讙讬诇讛 砖讛注讬专 讛讜转拽驻讛 讘诇讬诇讛, 讜讛讜讗 谞讬爪诇 讘讝讻讜转 讻诇 讗讜转谉 “讗住讜谞讜转”.
  • 讬专讜砖诇诪讬 砖拽诇讬诐 讛:讚 – 诪讝讻讬专 讗转 谞讞讜诐 (讘讙专住讗讜转: “讗讬砖 讙诪讝讜” 讗讜 “谞讞诪讬讛 讛注诪住讜谞讬”) .
  • 诪讚专砖 专讘讛, 驻专拽讬 讚专讘讬 讗诇讬注讝专 – 诪转讗专讬诐 讗转 谞住 讛讞讜诇 讜讛拽砖 砖诇 讗讘专讛诐 讗讘讬谞讜 (讬砖注讬讛 诪讗:讘), 砖注诇讬讜 讛转讘住住 讛住讬驻讜专 注诐 谞讞讜诐 讗讬砖 讙诪讝讜 .
  • 讗讙讚讜转 转谞讗讬讜转 谞讜住驻讜转 – 诪讚专砖讬诐 诪讗讜讞专讬诐 (驻住讬拽转讗 专讘转讬, 讗讙讚讜转 注诇 讜讬讞讬) 讞讜讝专讬诐 注诇 住讬驻讜专 谞讞讜诐, 住讘诇讜 讜诪讬讚转 讗诪讜谞转讜  .






馃摉 驻讬专讜砖讬 专讗砖讜谞讬诐 讜讗讞专讜谞讬诐



  • 砖讜诇讞谉 注专讜讱 讗讜”讞 专诇讗:讛 – 驻讜住拽 砖专讗讜讬 诇讛专讙讬诇 注爪诪讜 诇讜诪专: “讻诇 诪讛 讚注讘讬讚 专讞诪谞讗 – 诇讟讘 注讘讬讚” , 注诇 驻讬 讛住讬驻讜专 讘讘专讻讜转 住 注”讘.
  • 诪驻专砖讬诐 – 讛诪讛专砖”讗 诪住讘讬专 砖专讘讬 注拽讬讘讗 讛讚讙讬砖 “专讞诪谞讗” 讻讚讬 诇讬讬讞住 讛讻诇 诇讛砖讙讞讛 注诇讬讜谞讛. 讘注诇 转讜诇讚讜转 讬注拽讘 讬讜住祝 诪住讘讬专 砖谞讞讜诐 专诪讝 诇讻讱 讗祝 讘诇讬 诇讛讝讻讬专 诪驻讜专砖讜转  .
  • 讛诪讛专”诇 (谞转讬讘讜转 注讜诇诐, 谞转讬讘 讛讗诪讜谞讛) – 诪讘讚讬诇 讘讬谉 谞讞讜诐 砖专讗讛 讗转 讛讟讜讘 讻讘专 注讻砖讬讜, 诇讘讬谉 专讘讬 注拽讬讘讗 砖专讗讛 讗转 讛讟讜讘 讘注转讬讚 .
  • 讞住讬讚讜转 讞讘”讚 – 讘讗讬讙专讜转 讛拽讜讚砖 讜讘转谞讬讗 诪讜住讘专 砖谞讞讜诐 专讗讛 讘讻诇 讚讘专 讟讜讘 讻讘专 讘砖讜专砖讜, 讙诐 讗诐 谞专讗讛 讻”专注” .






馃摉 住驻专讜转 讞住讬讚讬转 讜诪讜住专讬转



  • 转谞讬讗 – 诪讘讛讬专 砖”讙诐 讝讜 诇讟讜讘讛” 讗讬谞讜 专拽 砖讛讚讘专 讬转讛驻讱 诇讟讜讘 讘注转讬讚, 讗诇讗 砖讻讘专 注讻砖讬讜 讛讜讗 讟讜讘 讘诪拽讜专讜 .
  • 讞讘”讚 – 讗讚诪讜”专讬 讞讘”讚 诪爪讟讟讬诐 专讘讜转 讗转 谞讞讜诐 讜讗拽讬讘讗 讻讚讬 诇诇诪讚 砖诪讞讛 讜讗诪讜谞讛 转诪讬讚讬转  .
  • 讘专住诇讘 – 专讘讬 谞讞诪谉 诪讝讻讬专 讘诪拽讜诪讜转 砖讜谞讬诐 讗转 注讜爪诪转 讛讗诪讜谞讛 砖诇 “讙诐 讝讜 诇讟讜讘讛” 讻讚专讱 诇讛驻讜讱 讚讬谉 诇专讞诪讬诐.
  • 住驻专讬 诪讜住专 – 诪住讬诇转 讬砖专讬诐 诇专诪讞”诇 (驻专拽 讝 注诇 讘讬讟讞讜谉), 砖诪讬专转 讛诇砖讜谉 诇讞驻抓 讞讬讬诐, 讜讛讝讜讛专 (讞诇拽 讗, 讘 注”讘) 讻讜诇诐 注讜住拽讬诐 讘讗讜转讜 讬住讜讚 砖诇 拽讘诇转 讛谞讛讙转 讛’ 讘讗诪讜谞讛 .






馃摉 驻专砖谞讜讬讜转 诪讜讚专谞讬讜转 – 砖讬注讜专讬诐, 诪讗诪专讬诐, 讘诇讜讙讬诐



  • OU 转讜专讛 – 专讘谞讬诐 砖讜谞讬诐 诪谞转讞讬诐 讗转 讛讛讘讚诇 讘讬谉 谞讞讜诐 诇专讘讬 注拽讬讘讗 讜讗转 讛讬住讜讚 讛讛诇讻转讬 砖诇 “讻诇 诪讛 讚注讘讬讚”.
  • 转讜专讛 诪诪专讻讝 讛专讘 (讬砖讬讘转 讛专 注爪讬讜谉) – 诪讗诪专讬诐 注诇 “讛讻诇 诇讟讜讘讛” 诪爪讟讟讬诐 讗转 讛专讘 拽讜拽 讘讛拽砖专 讝讛 .
  • Chabad.org – 诪讗诪专讬 讛住讘专 注诇 讛讛讘讚诇 讘讬谉 “讙诐 讝讜 诇讟讜讘讛” 诇讘讬谉 “讻诇 诪讛 讚注讘讬讚”.
  • 讘诇讜讙讬诐 – 讗转专讬 讗诪讜谞讛 (诇诪砖诇 Breslev.com, Emunabuilders) 诪驻专讟讬诐 讗转 住讬驻讜专 谞讞讜诐 讜诇拽讞讬讜  .
  • 住专讟讜谞讬诐 讜驻讜讚拽讗住讟讬诐 – 砖讬注讜专讬诐 讘讬讜讟讬讜讘 注诇 讘专讻讜转 住 讜转注谞讬转 讻讗 诪讘讬讗讬诐 讗转 讛住讬驻讜专讬诐 注诐 驻讬专讜砖讬讛诐.






馃摉 诪讞拽专讬诐 讗拽讚诪讬讬诐



  • 讗谞爪讬拽诇讜驻讚讬讛 讬讛讜讚讬转 (1906) – 注专讱 “谞讞讜诐 诪讙诪讝讜” 诪转讗专 讗转 讛住讬驻讜专讬诐 讜讗转 讛讛讘讚诇讬诐 讘讙专住讗讜转 砖诪讜 .
  • Hershey Friedman – Greatest Insights of the Talmudic Sages – 讗谞转讜诇讜讙讬讛 讗拽讚诪讬转 讘讗谞讙诇讬转 讛诪爪讬讙讛 讗转 住讬驻讜专讬 谞讞讜诐 讜专讘讬 注拽讬讘讗 讘讛拽砖专 砖诇 讗诪讜谞讛  .
  • 诪讞拽专讬诐 讘驻讬诇讜住讜驻讬讛 讬讛讜讚讬转 – 诪讬讻讗诇 驻讬砖讘讬讬谉, 诪砖讛 讗讬讚诇 讜讗讞专讬诐 注讜住拽讬诐 讘诪讜砖讙 讛讛砖讙讞讛 讜讛讗讜驻讟讬诪讬讜转 讘转诇诪讜讚.
  • 讛讬住讟讜专讬讛 砖诇 讛专注讬讜谉 – 讞讜拽专讬诐 诪砖讜讜讬诐 讗转 讙讬砖转 专讘讬 注拽讬讘讗 诇讚讬讜谞讬诐 驻讬诇讜住讜驻讬讬诐 诪注专讘讬讬诐 (讻讙讜谉 讜讜诇讟专 讘住驻专 拽谞讚讬讚) .





✨ 诇住讬讻讜诐:


  • 谞讞讜诐 讗讬砖 讙诪讝讜 – 专讗讛 讗转 讛讟讜讘 讻拽讬讬诐 讻讘专 注讻砖讬讜, 讙诐 讗诐 谞住转专.
  • 专讘讬 注拽讬讘讗 – 专讗讛 砖讛专注 讬转讙诇讛 讻讟讜讘 讘注转讬讚.
  • 砖谞讬讛诐 讛驻讻讜 诇诪讜讚诇讬诐 谞爪讞讬讬诐 砖诇 讗诪讜谞讛 讘讛砖讙讞转 讛’, 讜讛砖驻注转诐 谞讬讻专转 讘转诇诪讜讚, 讘讛诇讻讛, 讘诪讜住专, 讘讞住讬讚讜转 讜讙诐 讘讛讙讜转 讛诪讜讚专谞讬转.





专讜爪讛 砖讗讻讬谉 诇讱 诪讝讛 讞讜讘专转 诪住讜讚专转 讘注讘专讬转 – 注诐 讻诇 讛诪拽讜专讜转 讘爪讬讟讜讟 诪诇讗 诪讛讙诪专讗, 诪讚专砖, 专讗砖讜谞讬诐 讜讞住讬讚讜转 – 讻讱 砖转讜讻诇 诪诪砖 诇诇诪讜讚 讗转 讝讛 讻诪讜 住驻专 诇讬诪讜讚?


Comments

Popular posts from this blog

parashat_kohanim_geulah_ivrit

Concepts, Computers and Coffee

Concepts, Computers and Coffee: FW: An attempt to sum up the joy class of what it ...

parashat_kohanim_geulah 2